LCIA framework and cross-cutting issues guidance within the UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative

USEtox—the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in life cycle impact assessment

Background, aim and scope In 2005, a comprehensive comparison of life cycle impact assessment toxicity characterisation models was initiated by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)–Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Life Cycle Initiative, directly involving the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR, EDIP, WATSON and EcoSense. In this paper, we ...

Cross-cutting Issues: the Opportunities

Having examined in Part One the main aspects of the global architecture of IPRs, Part Two focuses on some broad cross-cutting issues that could be seen as opportunities for developing countries in the design of intellectual property regimes which are responsive to their local conditions. The following chapters discuss issues such as innovation and creativity, access to new technologies and tran...

13 Cross - Cutting Issues

Conservative estimates in the United States predict that the number of persons aged 65 years and over will grow from 35 million in 2000 to 78 million in 2011, accounting for more than 20% of the overall population. 1 The number of those aged 85 years and over will grow from 4 million to 18.2 million. If life expectancy continues to increase at the same rate seen in the 1990s, the number of olde...

Science-Based Guidance and Framework for the Evaluation and Identification of PBTs and POPs: Summary of a SETAC Pellston Workshop

Evolution and development of the conceptual framework and methodology of life-cycle impact assessment

This document summarizes 2 larger, more detailed, and recently completed workgroup reports on Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) (see Barnthouse et al. 1997 and Udo de Haes 1996). The Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) Steering Committee of SETAC Europe and the LCA Advisory Group of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) were workgroup sponsors. The objectives of the 2 workgrou...